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+#!/usr/bin/env -S python3 -B
+# https://gitlab.com/wef/dotfiles/-/blob/master/bin/sway-toolwait
+TIME_STAMP="20230321.220111"
+
+# dependencies: i3ipc: https://i3ipc-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2022 Bob Hepple <bob dot hepple at gmail dot com>
+
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
+# your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+# General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from i3ipc import Connection
+import argparse
+import subprocess, sys
+import time
+from multiprocessing import Process
+
+sys.dont_write_bytecode = True
+
+global parser, i3, retval, args, start_time
+
+def verbose(msg):
+    if args.verbose:
+        elapsed_time = time.time() - start_time
+        print(f"{elapsed_time}s: {parser.prog}: {msg}")
+
+def sleep_and_run_command():
+    "This runs in a separate process"
+    s = 0.1 # just enough to let i3ipc.main() loop start
+    verbose(f"Runner process sleeping for {s}s")
+    time.sleep(s)
+    verbose(f"Running: {args.command}")
+    # perhaps a simple fork/spawn here would suffice (and be quicker?)
+    subprocess.Popen(args.command)
+
+def on_window(i3, e):
+    "callback function from i3ipc.main() loop"
+    verbose(f"Got a {e.change} window event:")
+    if e.ipc_data['container']['app_id']:
+        verbose(f"app_id: {e.ipc_data['container']['app_id']}")
+    else:
+        verbose(f"Class: {e.ipc_data['container']['window_properties']['class']}, instance: {e.ipc_data['container']['window_properties']['instance']}")
+
+    waitfor = args.command[0]
+    if args.waitfor:
+        waitfor = args.waitfor
+
+    finished = False
+    if args.nocheck:
+        finished = True
+    else:
+        if e.ipc_data['container']['app_id']:
+            new_window = e.ipc_data['container']['app_id']
+        else:
+            new_window = e.ipc_data['container']['window_properties']['instance']
+        if new_window == waitfor:
+            verbose(f"a new window for '{waitfor}' appeared")
+            finished = True
+        else:
+            verbose(f"a new window appeared '{new_window}' but I'm waiting for '{waitfor}'")
+
+    if finished:
+        i3.main_quit() # else continue to wait
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        description="""
+Run 'command', wait for a window to open, then exit. If no window
+appears in 'timeout' seconds (eg by running a non-GUI program like
+'date') then terminate.
+""",
+        epilog="""eg.
+
+    %(prog)s firefox # this gives time for the window to be created before:
+    swaymsg -q "floating disable; border none"
+
+To run more complex commands use "--". eg.
+
+    %(prog)s -- bash -c "some complex bash commands"
+
+This may be similar to the ancient Sun OpenWindows command toolwait or
+the X11 version at
+http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/X11/xutils/toolwait-0.9.tar.gz
+    """)
+    parser.add_argument('-n', '--nocheck', dest='nocheck', action='store_true',
+                        help='don\'t check that the window that opens is for that command (default = %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', dest='verbose', action='store_true', help='verbose operation')
+    parser.add_argument('-m', '--mark', dest='mark', type=str, help='mark to add to window', default='')
+    parser.add_argument('-t', '--timeout', dest='timeout', type=float, help='timeout (default = %(default)s secs)', default=30.0)
+    parser.add_argument('-w', '--waitfor', dest='waitfor', help='app_id (wayland) or instance string (xwayland) to wait for')
+    parser.add_argument('command', nargs='+', help='command to run')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    i3 = Connection()
+    i3.on('window::new', on_window)
+
+    retval = 1
+    start_time = time.time()
+    # run the command without waiting ie in background:
+    Process(target=sleep_and_run_command).start()
+    i3.main(timeout=args.timeout)
+
+    # i3ipc gives no indication that a timeout has occured, so check the clock:
+    elapsed_time = time.time() - start_time
+    if elapsed_time <= args.timeout:
+        verbose(f"'{args.command} took {elapsed_time}secs to create its first window")
+        retval = 0
+    else:
+        verbose(f"timed out after {args.timeout} secs")
+
+    if args.mark != '':
+        mark_cmd = f'swaymsg -q mark "{args.mark}"'
+        verbose(f"Running: {mark_cmd}")
+        subprocess.run([mark_cmd], shell=True)
+
+    verbose(f"terminated, retval={retval}")
+    sys.exit(retval)
+
+# Local variables:
+# mode: python
+# time-stamp-pattern: "4/TIME_STAMP=\"%:y%02m%02d.%02H%02M%02S\""
+# eval: (add-hook 'before-save-hook 'time-stamp)
+# End: